Racial Profiling And The American Society - 1508 Words

The topic of racial profiling is very prominent in our American society. I witness accounts of it every day, whether it is while going through an airport, reading about crime, and it’s heavily influenced within the world of politics. Racial profiling is a way for law enforcement to target certain individuals that are suspected of committing a crime. This involves race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, etc. The act of racial profiling allows law enforcement to alienate certain communities, which, in turn creates racial divides and demonstrates a â€Å"militarization† of the police. Not only that, racial profiling is heavily influenced within American society through politics and the use of media. Having grown up in Chicago, I was surrounded by†¦show more content†¦The attacks on September eleventh were a set highly organized events carried out by the Islamic terrorist group Al-Qaeda. The ACLU (The American Civil Liberties Union) is a nonprofit organization whose m ission is to protect the rights and liberties of every person in this country. In an article titled Sanctioned Bias: Racial Profiling Since 9/11, the ACLU discusses racial profiling and how it’s changed since the attacks on September eleventh. â€Å"On June 17, 2003 President Bush publicly released a set of guidelines promulgated by the Civil Rights Division†¦he declared that racial profiling is ‘wrong and we will end it in America’† (ACLU, 2004, page 1). The guidelines explained how racial profiling was wrong and would not be tolerated. However, these rules were never formed into law, which in turn means they didn’t necessarily have to be abide by them. â€Å"Since the September eleventh terrorist attacks it has been the official policy of the United States government to stop, interrogate, and detain individuals without a criminal charge, all on the basis of their national origin, ethnicity, or religion† (ACLU, 2004, page 1). This was carried out by the Department of Justice. Today, we see numerous accounts of Muslim people being detained for no apparent reason at airports. Attorney General John Ashcroft announced a â€Å"Special Registration† requirement in June of 2002. This requirement stated â€Å"that all males from a list of Arab and Muslim countries report to theShow MoreRelatedRacial Profiling And Its Effects On American Society2621 Words   |  11 PagesEver since the late 1970 s profiling was associated with a method of interdicting drug traffickers (Data Collection Resource Center, n.d., para 3). The profiling provided not only a quick way to see evidence of concealment in the vehicle, but included age and race characteristics of possible drivers (Data Collection Resource Center, n.d., para 3). The controversy is over whether or not there are a disproportionate number of blacks and Hispanics involved with law enforcement that reflects policeRead MoreRacial Profiling Against African Americans 1614 Words   |  7 PagesIs Racial Profiling Justified Racial Profiling Against African Americans Racial profiling is simply, â€Å"the unlawful police practice of using race, color, or ethnic background, as the reason for conducting a traffic stop on an individual.† (Michigan Civil Rights Commission) This definition can be extended to any kind of discrimination mainly based on myths and stereotypes towards a certain race or ethnicity. However, the term racial profiling is commonly used when a police officer or anyRead MoreRacial Profiling Or Prejudice Based Upon Race970 Words   |  4 Pages American Heritage dictionary states that racism is â€Å"Discrimination or prejudice based upon race. That is exactly what racial profiling is. I am not however arguing that if a person is robbed says the criminal who robbed them was an adult black male that the police should look for everyone other than an adult black male for that crime, but also not try and use that information to persecute younger black males. However, that is not considered profiling in that instanc e, it is not based on demographicsRead MoreRacial Profiling Is Out Of Control979 Words   |  4 Pages Racial Profiling is racism Today in America racial profiling is out of control. People are being attacked, judge and even killed for reasons beyond just skin color. For many years people of color have been racially profiled, and now when America should be moving forward, America is going backwards. Racial profiling, which is a form of racism has gotten out of control, and the past has not improved as we have moved into the 20th century. It is time for Americans to take a closer look at racialRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Racial Profiling1418 Words   |  6 Pagestopics is racial profiling. For centuries, America has looked down and discriminated minorities and it still continues today. It began when minorities started to immigrate to America in search of better lives. Most whites believed in white supremacy and thought minorities were aliens. The police use racial profiling mostly towards minority groups. Racial profiling is the use of race or a skin color to suspect someone of doing an offense. While som e people think that racial profiling is beneficialRead MoreNarrow Views On The United States939 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States was very devastating not just to Americans but also to the rest of the world. The world felt the consequences of this terrorist attack against America apart from condemning it because it was a horrible and inhumane event, but also by America government official’s racial profiling citizens of all nationalities that set foot into America territory. As citizens of the United States, we are concerned about criminality undermining our society; drugs, terrorist attacks and violence are increasingRead MoreRacial Profiling Is A Necessary Evil1100 Words   |  5 PagesRacial Profiling In order to understand racial profiling, it must first be correctly defined. Although different authors use different criteria for the term racial profiling, the definition for the word racial is â€Å"of, relating to, or based on a race The definition the dictionary puts forth for profiling is â€Å"the act of suspecting or targeting a person solely on the basis of observed characteristics or behavior.† Based on these definitions, racial profiling could be defined for criminal justice purposesRead MoreRacial Profiling And Its Impact On Society1209 Words   |  5 PagesCases of Racial Profiling There are tons of cases of Racial Profiling. Now a days many people are being targeted or attacked by racial profiling. Laws are being passed but not every police officer is following up with it. And because of this more and more people are becoming irritated with the government system. Just because a particular person from a particular race does something wrong, everyone from that race is being discriminated by so-called other races. Racial profiling is gettingRead MoreRacial Profiling And Violates Human Rights Essay966 Words   |  4 PagesIs Racial Profiling Justiciable Under Certain Circumstances? Racial profiling has been a longstanding argument in law enforcement practices for a number of years in American society. Often it divides and alienates communities from law enforcements while hindering police efforts to control crimes and protect civilians. Many civil right groups argue that racial profiling is ineffective and violates human rights. However after September 11th, it appears that the practice has become much more prominentRead MoreLiterature Review On Racial Profiiling1391 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay reviews the literature on racial profiling in Courtelaney Pass. Racial profiling is a policing method that has increasingly become scrutinized over the years in Courtelaney Pass. An overwhelming number of individuals in the city are subject to racial profiling. Contrary to 55% white, 38% black, and 7% Hispanic, the blacks and out of town travelers passing through receive 87% of the speeding tickets. In addition, racial profiling can occur to women and men, all age groups are used against

When you think of the name Edgar Allan Poe, happiness is...

When you think of the name Edgar Allan Poe, happiness is the farthest emotion from the mind. You have a sense of melancholy, constantly reading about death, murders, and the thirst for revenge, and sometimes having feelings of suspense when reading about thrilling detective work. Poe is the reason that we have modern day mystery and horror stories. Without his brilliance, and obsession with such morbid occurrences, who knows when the era of suspense and horror would have begun? Despite his obvious brilliance, and certainly vivid imagination Edgar Allan Poe was not a beatific person. Throughout his entire life he was constantly dealing with inner demons, which later on served as inspiration for his work. Edgar Allan Poe’s work tends to†¦show more content†¦The Cask of Amontillado (1846) is a tale of a mind plagued by revenge and a murder that has no repercussions. Montressor the narrator in the short story immediately expresses qualities of being an unreliable narrato r. From the very beginning of the novel readers are given a sense of unreliability with the sentence The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as I best could, but when he ventured upon insult I vowed revenge (Poe 82). That sentence is a blatant exaggeration, and for all the readers in the story know, this may be a complete lie. The story is relayed to the audience in first person naturally being biased to one characters interpretations of a particular event. The events in this story are from â€Å"half a century† ago and thus, memories become hazy if they even truly occurred. The narrator never once gives readers information â€Å"thousand injuries† Fortunado imposes upon him, and not to mention that revenge is something that causes the human mind to go insane. Within the work Poe uses the idea of revenge as a catalyst to reflect the dark side of human nature. Montressor is enraged due to an insult that Fortunado said and therefore he â€Å"vowed revenge† (82). Intense emotions that a narrator feels tends to lead them to madness, and this is a reoccurring event within Edgar Allan Poe’s work. Within the story, a narrator becomes mentally unstable due to an obsession with revenge.

Kohler Terminal Value Free Essays

Both approaches (used to come up with the value of the Kohler Company) are greatly impacted by the assumptions made by both the company and the dissenting shareholders. The use of the Market approach has shown that the value of the company varies greatly depending on the comparable companies. If Masco (which is the largest comparable company) is included, the value goes to nearly $3. We will write a custom essay sample on Kohler Terminal Value or any similar topic only for you Order Now 7 B and excluding it causes the value to go down to $1.2 B. Moreover, depending of the discount for lack of liquidity and control, the value of the company could decrease considerably. Then, in the market approach there are two variables that affect the value of the company; comparable peers and the discount for lack of liquidity and control. In the Free Cash Flow (FCF) approach, the two variables that makes the value diverge is the Beta and the discount (liquidity and control) used. In this specific scenario the Beta impacts the WACC considerably due to the high weight of the cost of equity. For example, a difference of 4 points in the WACC raises the value of the company more than 150% [Table 7]. It is interesting to see that in order to arrive at Kohler’s initial valuation of $58K per share; a 65% discount is needed in both valuation approaches. Also, Masco’s exclusion is required under the Market approach while the high Beta is required under the FCC approach. The factor created by the division of standard deviations of industry peers and the deviations from different markets increases or decreases Beta considerably. (More details about this factor are discussed later in the paper.) Conversely, according to the dissenting shareholders, in order to arrive at $273K per share a 0 % discount and the inclusion of Masco and low Beta is needed. In the settlement, Kohler may use two simple methods to resolve the claim. The first would be a Weight Adjusted Value method, which consists of taking the weighted average of the proposed settlement values times the confidence level. The second method is to calculate the book value of the company using the formula (Assets- Liabilities)/ # of shares (Intangibles are not excluded). The results of these two methods indicate that The Kohler Company should be indifferent between going to trial and settling for $120K per share. Finally, the suggested settlement price should be adjusted to reflect the possibility of an increased tax liability Kohler may have with the IRS. Using a weighted average, the new settlement price is around $150K per share. Company Overview Kohler is a recognized international manufacturer of plumbing products, home furnishings, generators and engines. It also owns and operates hospitality and real estate Businesses. Kohler has been a private company, predominantly owned by the Kohler family since its founding in 1887. Market Approach Because Kohler is privately held the market value needs to be ascertained by the implied value determined by using a multiples approach based on the trading value of Kohler’s comparable industry peers. Table 1 shows the relevant multiples for Kohler’s peer group. Depending on what multiples are used to value Kohler the estimation varies considerably. Table 2 demonstrates the range of these values. If Masco, with it’s generally high multiples, is excluded from the analysis the valuation would be roughly $1.2B. On the other extreme if Kohler’s value is based on Masco’s benchmark, the value leaps to nearly $3.7B. A strict average of the peer group would yield a value of $1.6B. Our best guess of value is closer to $2B based on the peer average being averaged with Masco’s profitability multiples as we feel that the fundamentals of Kohler and Masco are closely matched. These estimates do not include any discounts for the lack of liquidity or control that the shares are characterized by. Table 3 shows the value per share given a $2B market value and various discounts applied. Â   Based on the market multiples approach it appears that Kohler takes a much more conservative approach to not only valuation but to the discounts that should be applied to the stock given his relative illiquidity and lack of controlling stake in the enterprise. From their prospective the value is the historically modest dividend and the long range growth of the business. Given their approximation of a share price of $54,000 that would suggest they excluded Masco as an outlier if they used a multiples approach and they used a discount of nearly 65% on the value of the shares to address their limitations noted previously. This would yield a value of roughly $58,000 per share. The dissenting Kohler shareholders, many of whom acquired shares for north of $100,000 each, have a vested interest in a much more generous approach to the value of Kohler’s shares. It appears they could be talking one of two approaches in arriving to their $273,000 value per share. The first is that they could also assume a market value of roughly $2B for Kohler, and not acknowledge any need to discount the shares. This would yield an estimate of $274,100 per share. The other approach could be that this estimate was derived from the multiples values using Masco as a fellow industry leader with higher margin products and strong differentiation and acknowledging the need to discount the share value for lack of liquidity and control. Based on the Masco benchmark and a 25% discount the value would be roughly $279,000 per share. Free Cash Flow Approach Kohler’s Free Cash Flow (FCF) model is developed using the Non-Cash Working Capital Approach, a correlated Beta and an EBITA that excludes both interest income and expense. The Non-Cash Working Capital is used because of the consistency each year in Kohler’s forecasted working capital. [Table 4] Secondly, in order to make the FCF model more accurate, a correlation between the company financials and its main competitors is used. Table 5 displays this correlation. The correlation is then multiplied by a factor which is defined by the division of the standard deviation of Kohler’s competitor and the standard deviation of the market (US Equity Market). Lastly, an average of each of these factors is performed and the Kohler’s Beta is found. [Table 5] The Beta in this case significantly affects the Weight Average Cost of Capital (WACC) since the weight of Kohler’s cost of equity is about 82% and the remaining 18 % tied to the cost of debt [Table 6]. The calculated WACC using this beta is 14.19%. If Beta is calculated using a different standard deviation, other than the US Equity Market, the results will vary drastically. For example, using a standard deviation of a highly correlated distribution of stocks that includes 3 kitchen bath companies and 3 engine generator companies, the Beta will decrease from 2.67 to 1.52. Then, the new WACC would be 10.40%[Table 5]. Just this difference in Beta would make the per share value of the stock go from $164K to $251K with 0 discount (due to the lack of control and liquidity), and from $ 57K to $ 88K with 65 % discount [Table 7]. Kohler is most likely using a relatively high WACC and high discount to come up with a $58K value per share. As it is shown in Table 8, using a WACC of 14.19% and a discount of 65% for liquidity and control of the stock arrives at $57K per share. On the other hand, the dissenting Kohler shareholders have probably used a much more generous approach to the value of Kohler’s shares. It appears they could be using a WACC close to 10% and not discount (liquidity and/or control) or a WACC of 8% and 30% discount to arrive at their $273,000 value per share. How to cite Kohler Terminal Value, Essay examples

Free Sample to Describe Importance of Reporting in Accounts Management

Question: Describe about the Meaning of sustainability reporting and its need,Key performance indicators and Steps to be undertaken by staff for sustainability reporting? Answer: Introduction: The company Wealth wise has recently set up an internal information system that could help in the improvement of the social and the environmental practices in the company. The company is a major contributor towards the charities and focusses mainly on the poor and homeless. It undertakes to promote the environmental management in all the operations of the company. It does a lot of things that helps in the sustaining the environment. This reports aims at answering the questions such as explaining the meaning of the sustainability reporting, what are its uses, the key indicators of sustainability reporting by the company and the alternative performance indicators that could be used to assist the company in achieving its mission, the balance score card as the key performance indicator of the sustainability reporting. Meaning of sustainability reporting and its need: As such there is no set definition of sustainability reporting but generally it is defined as the practice of measuring, disclosing and being able to be responsible for the internal and the external stakeholders for the performance by the organization towards the goal that targets towards the sustainable development of the country. Sustainability reporting is concerned with the creation of the awareness of the responsibility of the corporate in the real corporate world. Attention is given to the issues that relates with the environment and the sector of the government. The stakeholders are interested in understanding the approach and the performance of the companies that are used to manage the different aspects of the activities such as the potential of value creation. In order to illustrate this, there is a growing recognition amidst the analysts of an investment. There are a number of returns of an investment and the indicators of the long term financial performances that target towards the changing legislative and the regulatory regimes. The company has various other drivers that are used such as the profit and loss account, balance sheet and the reporting of the greenhouse gases that have been remitted. (KPMG, 2015) In accordance with Brundtland, 1987, sustainable development is concerned with fulfilling the needs of the citizens without compromising on the needs of the future generations. (ACCA, 2015) The disclosures of sustainability help in differentiating one company from another in the same industry. This also helps in building the trust and confidence and the loyalty of the employees. When an analyst expresses his opinion on a company, then he takes into account the disclosures that have been made by the company in respect of its sustainability along with the efficiency practices and quality of the management. This reporting helps the company in attracting more number of investors. The following are the benefits of sustainable reporting: 1. Better reputation: a survey was conducted during the year 2011 and it was found that when the company goes for expanding the transparency in the business operations and reporting positive deeds, then the trust of the public is gained and investors are attracted. 2. Expectation of the employees: another survey was conducted by EY and Green Biz that showed that the employees were the most important audience for the sustainability reporting with about 18% of the reports citing the employees as the major target. Around 30% of the reporters showed that the presentation of the sustainability reporting increased the loyalty of the employees. 3. Improved access to the capital: researchers have found that the firms that reported their sustainability has better index scores than the ones with the low sustainability. When a company had a lower index scores, then they had very limited number of capital constraints 4. Increased efficiencies: the companies that presented their sustainability reports were more efficient when it came to making the decisions. (EY, 2015) Key performance indicators of sustainability reporting: In the opinion of many, the key performance indicators has many dimensions. It would go on to do the following: 1. Identify the aspects of the sustainability that could impact the society in the most positive or the negative way or manner 2. Define one of the most relevant decision that could reasonable be collected and could be reported 3. Present the data in the most efficient and effective manner so that the comparison could be related to the corporate sustainability performance In the nutshell, it would be right to say that when there are a limited number of key performance indicators, then the same can go on to help the balanced reporting regime that would serve the dual demands of comprehensiveness and practicability. When this regime is followed, these could be used for an extensive work that would define and measure the corporate sustainability that exists already and could also, guide the stakeholders of the company to focus on the issues that hold the relevant importance and that could have a major impact on the performance of the sustainability of the company. The key performance indicators are specific to specific sectors in the industries. For example, the industry of electronics face the challenges of supply chain management and the use of the toxic materials in the manufacturing and the waste disposal. The retail groceries face the challenge of managing the employee relations and the sustainability of the products that they sell. The mining indus try face the challenges of the practices of the human rights, the tailings management and the availability of water and the government relations and so on and so forth. (SASB, 2015) The sustainability performance indicators are used as a toll for measuring the performance of the company and for monitoring the performance and reporting on the future progress of the company. These indicators are covered in the areas of economic, environmental and the societal aspects of sustainability. The following are the performance indicators: 1. Economic performance indicators: this will include the company turnover, profit, quantity of products sold, etc. 2. Social performance indicators: this will include the labor practices, human rights, and broader issues affecting consumers, community, and other stakeholders in society. 3. Environmental performance indicators: this will include the greenhouse gas emissions, water consumption, waste output, etc. (Pre sustainability reporting, 2015) Key performance indicators for wealth wise: The company is of the view that the responsible investing could create 2 key obligations of each one of the people involved. One was the obligation to take the financial responsibility for own financial needs of the individuals and their families and the second was the obligation to invest the funds and the companies that share the same value systems. (Welath wise, 2015) The following are the key indicators: Ratings of the employee satisfactions % of the women employees in the top tiers of the management Number of indigenous employees Ethical ranking of the sales staff Number of staff that was hired that was unemployed when they were hired Tonnes of papers recycled per year % reduction in the consumption of the electricity Litres of fuel used per % of sales Steps to be undertaken by staff for sustainability reporting The following are the 10 initiatives that could be undertaken by the company: 1. Create smart, integrated public policy: it is very difficult to make the sound decision and policies when it comes to the policies of the environment. The companies need a clear and a steady direction of what the government thinks with regard to the issues such as the carbon pricing, national cap and trade systems for the emission of the greenhouse gases. When the company has the clear and a consistent integration of the policies, only then can it invest it in the new technologies and the in the new standards and the training of the staff for sustainability. 2. Engaging in the value chain members including an industry and the NGO partners: there must be an effective collaboration across the value chain and an industry. Each and every company must try to do its bets to limit the impact of their business operations onto the environment but they would be able to impact it more and make big advances when the companies come together and align with the actions of the suppliers and the distributors along with the other members of the value chains. 3. Building a national dialogue on the responsible consumption: the customer have to be brought into confidence. The sustainability of the environment is not at all possible without the involvement of the customers. The impact on the environment cannot be limited if the customers are not willing to pay more for the products of the company. 4. Communicating the goals of sustainability within the organization: it is a big and a heavy task of building sustainability. The sustainability or the corporate social responsibility is a big responsibility with the companies, or for a single department or a single employee, for that matter. 5. Embedding the sustainability in the culture of the corporate: the employees must regard the department of the corporate social responsibility with respect since many of these will try to eliminate these departments as they may seem like cost centre to them. Therefore, in order to make sure that the sustainability for the organization is duly followed, the culture must be embedded into the organization. 6. Proving clear and equitable directions for the entitlements. 7. Creating the conditions that could support the sustainability related innovations: the main aim of the smart companies is to grow and innovate. The smart companies are the ones that treat their sustainability as the innovation of the new frontier. The smaller companies have a very little organizational slack. The NBSs report of the year 2013, Innovating for sustainability, and threw light on some of the ways following which the impact of the companies could be reduced on the environment and it would create the social change that could benefit the business and re-imagine the models of the business. The report states the trends that exist in the emerging economies or in the unrelated businesses, initiate the partnerships and drive innovation. 8. Incorporation of the social license so as to operate into the business strategy: the community members must let the company operate in their region. The maintenance of the social license could help the managers in ascertaining the frame of the sustainability as the way of managing the risk and creating of the efficiencies. 9. Mitigating and adapting the changes in the climate: the first issue that was brought to the notice of the leaders was the changes in the climate. The impacts of the physical changes in the climate will go on to redefine the industries such as the agri food, tourism and insurance. The climate changes is defined as the signs of the global warming that has been caused by the human generated greenhouse gases which is not an isolated issue any more. 10. Reducing the burden of sustainability reporting: it has become apparent that the companies spend a huge amount of time and resources in organizing the sustainability programs. And also requires an investment in the human resources and this amount of resources sent could be used to reduce the impacts on the environment. The companies therefore must call its investors and the third parties and create a streamlined reporting method. (Business journal, 2015) There are seven components necessary to ensure a sustainable organization. Organizational Identity Vision; Mission; Values; Branding; Messaging; Strong Leadership Financial and Other Systems Administration Budget; Cash Flow Analysis; Audit; IRS Reporting Long-Range Strategic Plan Goals; Objectives; Benchmarks Long-Range Fund-Raising Plan Needs and Resource Assessment; Donor Cultivation; Grant Writing Annual Operational Plan Objectives, Activities Timelines; Staffing; Program Needs; Committed Resources Board Development Plan Needs Assessment; Evaluation; Recruitment; Orientation; Maintenance/Team Building Staff Development and Organizational Culture Needs Assessment; Evaluation Review; Training; Team Building (Advocates, 2015) Balance score card as the performance measure: The balanced score card is the strategic planning and the management system that is used exclusively for the business and the industry and for the non-profit organizations. These are used to align the activities of the business to the visions and the strategy of the organization. This also entails improving the internal and the external communications and monitor the performance of the organization as against the strategic gaols. (Balance score card, 2015) The balance score card could be used for predicting the future and the financial accounting metrics that was lagging and these could be used to provide an insight into the effectiveness of the previous strategies and the decisions that re yet to be limit the abilities of the managers to anticipate the events of the future. (Imanet, 2015) Conclusion: The sustainability performance indicators are used as a toll for measuring the performance of the company and for monitoring the performance and reporting on the future progress of the company. These indicators are covered in the areas of economic, environmental and the societal aspects of sustainability. The key performance indicators are the economic performance indicators, social performance indicators and the environmental performance indicators. It is very important for each and every company to contribute towards its environment so as to make its place in the society and attract more investments. References: Advocatesforyouth.org, (2015). The Seven Components of Organizational Sustainability. Retrieved 30 January 2015, from https://www.advocatesforyouth.org/publications/publications-a-z/612-the-seven-components-of-organizational-sustainability- Balancedscorecard.org, (2015). What is the Balanced Scorecard? Retrieved 30 January 2015, from https://balancedscorecard.org/Resources/About-the-Balanced-Scorecard Ey.com, (2015). The Value of Sustainability reporting. Retrieved 30 January 2015, from https://www.ey.com/US/en/Services/Specialty-Services/Climate-Change-and-Sustainability-Services/Value-of-sustainability-reporting Imanet.org, (2015). Sustainability and the Balanced Scorecard: Integrating Green Measures into Business Reporting. Retrieved 30 January 2015, from https://www.imanet.org/docs/default-source/maq/maq_winter_2011_butler-pdf.pdf?sfvrsn=0 Iveybusinessjournal.com, (2015). Ten Steps to Sustainable Business in 2013 - Ivey Business Journal. Retrieved 30 January 2015, from https://iveybusinessjournal.com/topics/social-responsibility/ten-ways-to-help-companies-become-sustainable-in-2013#.VMfWBP6UeQE Pre-sustainability.com, (2015). Sustainability Performance Indicators |PR Sustainability. Retrieved 30 January 2015, from https://www.pre-sustainability.com/sustainability-performance-indicators www.accaglobal.com, (2015). Sustainability reporting. Retrieved 30 January 2015, from https://www.accaglobal.com/content/dam/acca/global/PDF-technical/sustainability-reporting/tech-tp-srm.pdf www.bdo.co.za, (2015). WEALTH WISE. Retrieved 30 January 2015, from https://www.bdo.co.za/documents/Wealth%20Advisory_issueno7%20 (lowres).pdf www.kpmg.com, (2015). www.kpmg.com. Retrieved 30 January 2015, from https://www.kpmg.com/CN/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/sustainable-guide-0811.pdf www.sasb.org, (2015). From Transparency to Performance. Retrieved 30 January 2015, from https://www.sasb.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/IRI_Transparency-to-Performanc

5 Minute Sppech Essay Example

5 Minute Sppech Essay Does the thought of writing and delivering a speech terrify you? Most people share your fear. But why remain scared of public speaking when the solution to this age old problem is so simple? Follow these simple speaking tips and youll be ready to present a decent speech next week. First, take a deep breath and relax your mind. Your challenge is to speak to an audience about a topic that you know something about. In other words, you will be sharing your knowledge in a conversational manner with people who are interested in what you have to say. Second, break down the elements of your speech. A simple technique to use in your opening is the Attention Grabber Question. Ask the audience a question that will force them to respond either aloud or to themselves. This will get people involved with your topic and provide you with the positive feedback you need to share a quality message. Decide on three main body points that you want to cover. You may even choose three stories or anecdotes to use as the body points. That will make audience sharing even easier. The goal is to make you feel like youre telling a story to a friend. The only difference is that youre telling the story to ten, twenty, fifty or one hundred friends! We will write a custom essay sample on 5 Minute Sppech specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on 5 Minute Sppech specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on 5 Minute Sppech specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Finally, your conclusion must challenge, issue a call to action, or motivate your audience to do something positive with the information that youve just shared. The conclusion is the most frequently abused piece of a speech. The speaker typically hurries to finish and leaves out a profound bit of wisdom that the audience needs and wants. Speaker Beware Dont try to memorize your speech word for word. If you lose your place and grasp for the exact word that makes up your script, you may draw a mind blank and panic. Lets look at a simple speech topic that can quickly be developed into a complete presentation. Suppose you want to talk about container gardening. An Attention Grabber Question might be, How many of you have a green thumb? â€Å"Well neither did I until I started dropping plants into pots. † Audience members will either answer yes or no to the green thumb question. You have their involvement at this point in the beginning. Your three main body points may feature three different types of plants you have successfully grown in containers. For added impact, show pictures of your work or bring a sample of your passion for gardening. Props always add another dimension to your presentations. Let your excitement about the topic fuel your words. In the conclusion, simply tell the audience how easy it is to begin container gardening. You may even give them resources to explore for more information. This leaves the audience members with valuable advice that they can use after leaving the room. For beginning orators, consider taking a three by five note card to the lectern. The card should only feature the Attention Grabber Question, the three main body points, and the profound conclusion that sends the audience home feeling content and fulfilled. Glance at the card only to keep order. Make an effort to look at each audience member. Use a sweeping eye movement so that youre sharing the information with everyone in the room. As you gain confidence as a speaker, you can experiment with hand gestures, vocal variety and body movement. These skills will develop with practice. When you get that next speech assignment, decide to share and not recite your wisdom. Break down the elements of the presentation. Dont let the project overwhelm you. Make sure you give the audience members something to take home. You are offering some information that they can use. With a positive, sharing attitude, you can knock out a quality presentation in only 5 7 minutes!

Business Communication

Business Communication Summarry Business Communication is described as the dissemination of information that is done primarily for the benefit of an organization. Business communication is accomplished by relaying information in different ways to various people who make up the organization.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Business Communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The communication also includes relaying information about the business s to suppliers, consumers and other stakeholders in the organization. Effective business communication has the advantage of increasing productivity and profitability of the organization (Guffey and Almonte, 2010). To adequately illustrate the concept of business communication, it would be useful to attempt a scholarly critique of two articles from scholarly journals. The critique shall involve a brief summary of the article focused mainly on the data used and the methods employed in formulating t he research questions. Additionally, the scholarly critique shall attempt to identify the goals of the article and the key theories and concepts used and whether are not these theories and concepts achieved the goals of the article. Finally the conclusion seeks to establish whether or not the article was worth writing. The Use of Strategic Metaphors in Intercultural Business Communication The article seeks to categorically establish that strategic metaphors can be used to help achieve effective intercultural business communication that is a prerequisite for the profitability and productivity of any given organization. The article uses data from a case study of the alliance between Renault and Nissan to illustrate the fact that the use of a suitable metaphor can adequately capture an organization’s essence in terms of its activities, strategic intents and its global and national cultures. The strategic metaphor also details the ethical and business position of the company. The article highlights how the use of effective metaphor enabled the stakeholders in the Alliance to work towards a common goal by employing the ambiguity and the diversity of meaning of the metaphor to surmount the Western and Asian intercultural differences (Cacciaguidi-Fahy and Cunningham, 2007).Advertising Looking for essay on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The goal of the article is to illustrate how the use of a strategic metaphor can benefit intercultural business communication. In my view, the theory and concepts used adequately accomplished the stated goals of the article. In conclusion, the article was definitely worth writing, this is because it makes substantial and theoretical contributions to our knowledge of communication especially in the multi-cultural and global business environment. The implications of the article are fostering a sense of shared identity and goal congruence in a multi-cultural business setting. Language and Culture in International Legal Communication The article proposes that in the contemporary global business setting that is characterized by involvement of people from different cultures and nationalities, it is imperative to develop communication competence in terms of language skills. The article highlights the importance of considering intercultural differences in translation particularly with regard to the legal systems of both the target and the source. The article uses data from company law to draw the conclusion that there are certain cultural and linguistic implications of using English as the legal lingua franca in addition to its influence on learning and teaching practice (Kocbek, 2006). The goal of the article is to highlight the importance of language and culture in international legal communication. The key theory and concept successfully used the examination of company law to illustrate how cultural and linguistic differ ences affect legal undertakings. In my considered view, the article was worth writing as it makes a significant contribution to the methodological and theoretical understanding of communication in the business environment. The article has the implication of underlining the importance of considering the impact of cultural and linguistic differences in legal matters. In conclusion, a critical analysis of the two articles has enhanced my understanding of business communication particularly in the global arena.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Business Communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Cacciaguidi-Fahy, S and Cunningham, J. (2007). The Use of Strategic Metaphors in Intercultural Business Communication. Managing Global Transitions. 133-155. Retrieved from fm-kp.si/zalozba/ISSN/1581-6311/5_133-155.pdf Guffey, M. and Almonte, E. R. (2010). Essentials of Business Communication. USA: Nelson Education P ublishing Inc Kocbek, A. (2006). Language and Culture in International Legal Communication. Managing Global Transition. 231-247. Retrieved from fm-kp.si/zalozba/ISSN/1581-6311/4_231-247.pdf Business communication Introduction Communication is important in people’s lives, as it is a mean of exchanging information from one person to another (Kushal, n.d, pp 1). In business, communication is necessary, as it plays a role in negotiation between an entrepreneur and the customer, and between the distributor and the entrepreneurs, among others.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Business communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, business communication involves flow of information, which requires feedback. In an organization, communication may flow through various channels, hence contributing to controlling and directing employees. Communication involves feedback, thus avoiding any misunderstanding and it contributes to effective transfer of messages from one party to another. An organization has the duty of communicating its rules and regulation to the employees. Business communication has also changed with the t rends in technology. In the early years, communication was evident in terms of paper work and telephone calls; however, today, communication has expanded to video conferencing, emails, cell phones and satellite, all of which have led to effective communication. Business communication can be divided in to two oral communication (which can be formal and informal) and written communication. Normally, formal communication involves interviews, meetings, discussions, and speeches, while informal involves grapevine. Verbal communication has been evident for generations and it creates a high level of understanding, and feedback is immediate, thus contributing to quick decision-making. However, this method faces the challenge of language barrier due to the many existing nationalities. Nevertheless, verbal communication is commonly evident in interviews, telephone conversations, and video conferencing. The second type of business communication is written communication, which incorporates, re ports, and agendas among others (Management study guide, n.d). Current types of business communication range from the use of internet, video conferencing, teleconferencing to the use of emails. Effective communication is an important tool to any business and organization, as it contributes to efficiency at the place of work in terms of getting tasks accomplished within the required time.Advertising Looking for essay on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Kushal (n.d, p1), â€Å"without communication, uniformity in the business activities cannot be brought about.† Therefore, business communication is a type of communication that contributes to meeting the organization’s needs. The role of business communication in daily activities at my workplace, and its current trends. Communication is very important at the workplace and it can vary from oral to written communication. G enerally, it contributes greatly to the organizations’ activities; hence, every employee is required to have effective communication skills when addressing customers and his fellow employees. In addition, good communication skills contribute to resolving issues very fast, thus avoiding delays. In my line of work as a human resource assistant, communication is very effective as my job entails communication with the staff. This takes place in form of emails, phone and video conferencing. When my manager is out of the country, video conferencing and emails have proven to be effective in ensuring that communication takes place. My boss is able to communicate quality and urgent information to me, which in return is communicated to the rest of the staff through the phone or via email. Some of my daily activities involve updating Medicare accounts for the staff, updating information about their leaves, reviewing their payroll, and renewing contracts among other tasks. All these task s require the use of internet or phone. In addition, when I need to pass an important notice throughout the department, written communication is applicable, which involves notices and memorandums. Therefore, in my workplace, it is a requirement for all employees to be at par with the advancement in technology in order to be capable of operating computer programmes such as emails. Business communication is efficient, as it assists me in sharing important information to the rest of the staff on time, especially through the internet; therefore, delay in information is not evident in my organization due to the many modes of communication available. In addition, communication contributes to the internal and external functions at the workplace. Internal functions include communication within the organization that contributes to employees’ job satisfaction and increase productivity, thus decreasing the levels of turnovers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Bu siness communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is evident, as the management ensures that information is available to employees on time, about how they are required to perform a certain task and the terms of rewards when the job is completed. Employees are thus motivated due to the information communicated. The external function of business communication occurs when our staff relates with the outside environment, such as the customers, whom our organization works hard to please through delivering quality services. The current trend at my workplace is cloud computing that involves the use of computers and internet in order to enhance communication. This trend has proven sufficient in the organization as it involves a large number of services, such as Google, yahoo, face book, twitter, and MySpace among others. Such services have led to instant messaging through chats, for instance, in yahoo and g-mail, therefore providing the staf f with urgent and instant messages in which they provide an instant feedback. The impact is contribution to effective communication of urgent information without having to post a letter. Video conferencing is also evident in the workplace, whereby, a manager is able to address his staff on an important matter, and he can actually see the staff he is addressing via the aid of a webcam. Therefore, work is becoming paperless at the place of work, as emails are replacing memorandums and minutes of workplace meetings. Monge and Desanctis (2008) describes electronic communication as a link to distance, cultures, organizations, and the departments within them, hence responding to the customers’ demands fast. Electronic communication therefore comprises of emails, and teleconferencing among others. However, information must be communicated effectively in order to enhance understanding, as is the case of face-to-face communication. With the changing technology, business communication has also changed and adopted new type of communication, such as internets, which have yielded to instant messaging like chat messages and instant feedbacks; as opposed to a letter that requires time before the sender can get a reply, as it has to go through the process of posting. Conclusion In any business, professionalism is highly regarded, as it is the key to attracting customers. in this case, customers are confident on the information on the services and products offered. Therefore, business communication aids in sharing information on every crucial matter, thus ensuring that the matter has been attended to promptly. Business communication modes include electronic communication, written communication, verbal communication, and non-verbal communication. In spite of the used type of business communication, how well the message is communicated is what makes a difference, since when a message is conveyed wrongly, it could cost the organization a lot. Therefore, organizations shoul d make sure that their employees acquire quality communication skills, to avoid errors either in typing, writing, or verbally.Advertising Looking for essay on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References Kushal, S. (N.d). Business Communication. Web. Management study guide. (N.d). What is business communication? Web. Monge, P. and Desanctis, G. (2008). Communication Processes for Virtual Organizations. Web.

Annotated Bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Annotated Bibliography - Essay Example sults from their surveys that show lower levels of diabetes in some of the candidates that have taken up some of the healthier habits of the West, such as exercising and working out at the gym. It is an interesting source as it shows opinions, based on sound research and evidence to support both the benefits as well as the losses of Western cultures and more specifically the Western health and dietary regimes, even if the research is portrayed in a basic format. Here is a slightly different source. Being a blog it will not be sound fact, evidence or academic opinion on the subject of Arabic and American food. However, it does demonstrate the effects that alternative cultures are having on Western culture. It also shows us the difference between the Arab’s attitude to food and the America’s attitude to food. The American shows ignorance and sees food as a pleasure – he’s greedy without realising it. The â€Å"born-again-Arab† sees food as the fuel for your body. It is sacred and treated with respect. It is acknowledged as being from somewhere in the planet and as such deserves the respect they give it. They are careful with their foods and in so doing careful with themselves. As said, it also demonstrates the ignorance of the Western mind who hasn’t taken the time to fully understand what connotations food has for Arabs. Though this source does not provide us with characteristics on the foods of each culture, their nutritional value or any solid facts about either culture whatsoever, it does demonstrate another side to the arguments surrounding the different cultures and their native diets. The third website offers a more logical layout and provides the basic information and understanding behind Arab and Arab-American foods. Providing a glossary of terms and a variety of recipes the site offers readers literal descriptions, methods and pictures of actual Arabic foods and in so doing showing us its physical attributes. It also explains that Arab food

Lafarge-Aget Heracles Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Lafarge-Aget Heracles - Case Study Example Lafarge- Aget Heracles is one of the leading producers of cement. The company has not been able to witness rapid growth within the industry. Some of the problems which are acting as major setbacks to the growth of the company are inability to offer a differentiated product line, huge freight costs added with under utilization of capacity. Out of these problems, the most vital being the inability of the company to offer diverse products which might become one of the principal causes leading to a huge loss of market shares. The company needs to address this problem and the consequences it may suffer as a result of this persistent problem. To strengthen its competitive edge in the market, the company needs to innovate its product line with the help of sophisticated technologies. Though other problems also needs proper resolution, but in this report we limit our scope of study to the analysis of one of the most crucial problem faced by the company which is inability of offering a differe ntiated product line. One of the biggest problems challenging Lafarge - Aget Heracles is their inability to differentiate their product line. The need of a differentiated product line was constantly felt within the cement industry and Aget, being one of the major players of the industry, was very much aware of the fact. To build a niche in the market, it was becoming necessary for Aget to innovate its product line. The need of environment friendly cement mixtures and specialty cement was becoming ardent. To ensure rapid growth in an industry, businesses need to adopt strategies to render higher customer satisfaction and offer value-added products and services. Aget was falling back on this aspect. Looming under its huge cost structure, it was felt that Aget was not keen on implementing innovation strategies. This was becoming an absolute necessity for Aget in order to strengthen its competitive edge in the industry as a whole. Aget was not able to develop its existing product line or offer new products and was becoming unable to meet the changing needs of the customers. For example, government institutions were demanding certain kinds of cement mixtures and specialty cements which would be environment friendly and would not contribute to the depletion of natural resources. With the development of the infrastructure industry in various regions across the world, for example in the middle-east, the demand for a special type of cement was becoming more and more apparent which would ensure greater durability to the infrastructure. But like other cement manufacturers across the world, Aget seemed to underestimate the need of an innovative product line as it

Communication Styles Web Field Trip Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Communication Styles Web Field Trip - Essay Example 2. Reviewing the questionnaire item by item, can you find aspects of communication in which you are either nonassertive or possibly too assertive? Do you think that your communication style can be improved by making adjustments within these areas of communication? From the questionnaire, I find that I am non-assertive in situations where I am confronted with difficult situations because I do not want to deal with confrontations. Another area where I found out that I am not very assertive is when I am unable to express my anger and frustration with a friend even if it is justified. The reason for this is because I do not want to offend him or hurt his feelings. I also realized that I am assertive in instances where I have to make a phone call to institutions. I think that my communication style can be improved especially in situations where I am non-assertive. In dealing with my anger towards a friend, maybe I should try to control my emotions and be more level-headed at dealing with my friend. I should also try to choose my words carefully so as not to hurt his feelings.

Positive Effects Of Homeschooling

Positive Effects Of Homeschooling This report endeavour to provide a compelling information of the positive effects of homeschooling towards a homeschooled kids lives. Modern homeschooling holds the key of an effective method of learning and attaining new knowledge which can be applied in a homeschooled individual future life. Based on the issue of homeschooling, the opposition protest on the practice of homeschooling because of the concern that homeschooled kids are unable to adapt in real life without parents in the near future. However, modern homeschooling that most of the countries have know are implementing a way whereby the kids will be prepared to face reality and have more positive effects rather than negative impacts on homeschooled kids. Therefore, the practice of homeschooling is exceptionally recommended in todays society and this report will also show evidence to clear out the issue of negative effects in homeschooling raised by some individuals in the society. These days, education has been a crucial priority in a family life. It is important as it ensures a comfortable life and a successful future in an individuals lives. Nowadays, society tends to explore possible ways for a more effective technique or methods to educate their children rather than using the traditional way of sending them to normal school and the high school. Parents now believe that sending their children to private school or colleges will have a better impact to their children in the aspect of education. There also parents who homeschooled their children so they are able to monitor their children education by themselves rather than relying on lecturers. However, in the beginning of the introduction of homeschooling, there people who actually disagree and criticize the method of giving education to children at home. Some government also band homeschooling as they fear of development of religious and social extremist. Some people also pointed out that homeschooled kids lacks in social skills that are eventually needed to face real life especially in university life. As times go on, homeschooling are slowly accepted by some governments and has been legalised and became an incentive for parents to educate their children. with 1.7 2.1 million K-12 students home educated during the 2002-2003 institutional school year, home based education is now arguably the fastest-growing form of education, compared to public and private institutional schooling (Ray cited by Jones P. And Gloeckner G., 2004). This proves that homeschooled based education has been practiced by families and are increasing in number. Even though there are certain government who actually legalised the practice of homeschooling such as in America, Denmark and France, there are people who voiced out their opinions and told to stop the practice of homeschooling. This has lead to the question does homeschooling have more positive than negative effects on homeschooled kids? As researches are made thoroughly in this issue, it can be concluded that homeschooling have a variety of positive effects that outweigh its negative effects because homeschooling tends to be better in socializing, became more independent and procure a stronger bond with their family members. This report will show compelling evidence of the reasons that homeschooling have a better outcome in the kids. The research is restricted to countries which homeschooled has been legalised in order to procure a better understanding on its effects on the kids. HOMESCHOOLING KIDS BETTER IN SOCIALIZING Concerns have been rising among the opposition of homeschooling on whether homeschooled kids are able to learn and practice the art of socializing. They believe that homeschooled kids are unable to cope with the advanced socializing skills as they proceed into the real world out of home and into colleges and universities. They have argued that homeschooled kids spend too much time at home with their parents rather than outside. They noted that homeschooled kids spent less time on outdoor activities especially with their peers which are believed to be an important part in developing social skills in an individual life. However this is not true and unproven at all. The opposition thinks to narrowly as they are more focused in the word home in homeschooling and concluded that they spent times at home. The kids are homeschooled but they are not home activist? Homeschooled kids just learn at home but they still spent a lot of their time doing leisure activities outside of home. They are also better in social skills than their traditional peers Homeschooling provides an excellent opportunity to approach socialization from this perspective, because it removes a huge level of daily, value-based-on-externals, chameleon-creating, soul-crushing peer pressure from our childrens lives'(Molewyk, 2010).It shows that homeschooling teaches a different way of learning to socialize which are far better than how learning to socialize is applied in public or private school which has been stressing kids. Nowadays, the community who actually supports the idea of homeschooling have established homeschooling groups and as sociation which functions to host activities for homeschooled kids. A lot of activities have been hosted by these groups to ensure homeschooled kids are balanced in their studies and social activities. For an example they arranged sports clubs such as soccer, basketball and others for homeschooled kids and also hosted games between clubs from different region where kids can mingle around with new friends. This has helped a lot in developing useful social skills in the kids. Furthermore, homeschooling group activities involve a variety of people coming from different places, religion and very importantly from different ages. This exposure to a wide variety of community significantly increases the capability of homeschooled kids to interact and enhances their social skills to a higher level. Basically, homeschooled kids learns more from interaction with people who are older than them and helps develop their maturity rather than their traditional peers who are schooled in public school who interact mostly with friends of the same age and hardly learns new things from them. Moreover, homeschooled kids learn to interact with grownups simply by having interaction within the family. Family members often dont have the personalities youd seek out in friends. Learning to get along with such vastly different personality types in a healthy waylearning how to get real with them, saying what you mean, and setting healthy boundariesis excellent training for dealing wi th different personality types (Molewyk, 2010). This encourages them to be more confident in speaking with people are more matured and teaches them the ways to approach people who have different and a diversity of personality in the society. The evidence stated has proven that homeschooling children gives an exceptional unique technique of socializing that are required to face real modern life and people that are existing now. It also guarantees a better life of the kids in the near future and teaches them to overcome reality itself. HOMESCHOOLED KIDS ARE MORE INDEPENDENT The opposition has gone so far as to speak of homeschooled kids lacks on the ability to be an independent individual. They stated that homeschooled kids relied too much on their parents instead to give an effort to do things on their own. To be an individual that knows how to live independently is important because parents are not always there when they are needed especially when an individual is going to the university where they need to rely on friends and self-learning. They also pointed out that a homeschooled kid does not have the capability to perform or learn new things without depending on others because they were always spoon fed by their parents during their homeschooling days. Moreover, most of the problems being faced by homeschooled kids are settled by parents which causes those kids to have less experience in dealing problems by themselves. As a consequence, homeschooled kids are unable to handle problems and predicament situation in universities life due to the longing independence towards parents that has been implied through homeschooling before. Indeed it is plausible to argue that homeschooled kids lacks in independent skills, Yet other evidence suggest that homeschooled kids are actually more independent than their traditional peers. Homeschooled kids are said to be more independent because they are more exposed to a wide variety of people in the society regardless of age, races and religion as compared to their traditional peers where they are learning things only among themselves and does not have much difference in the way of thinking and handling problems. Their thoughts and ideas are limited whereby homeschooled kids who mingled with a diverse society where there is a diverse thought and ideas. Homeschoolers acquire other homeschoolers unique experiences and are able to implement it into their independent lives in the future especially in college and university life. These variations helped homeschooled kids to feel more secured in dealing with unusual experiences. Besides that, homeschooled kids learn to be independe nt through their parents. Naturally, children look up their parents in building up their style and etiquette. Homeschooled kids are able to familiarize with independent life by observing their parents carrying out their daily responsibilities in the family. In addition, supporters of homeschooling asserts homeschooled kids are more independent than their traditional peers in the way they learn and acquire knowledge by themselves without depending much on others. In a homeschooling environment, kids are taught by parents only in certain aspects of the syllabus while additional information are procured by the kids themselves through other sources such as internet and researches. This is called independent learning. Unlike their traditional peers who mainly relying on what teachers or lecturers are giving and have a narrow understanding on the subject, homeschooled kids gain a better understanding through research and observation they have made. The knowledge achieved in this way are more appreciated as it comes from an individual willing and hard work. Furthermore, homeschooled kids are better in applying the knowledge in their real life rather than students who went to schools, mostly learn knowledge just for the sake of examination and forget what they have learned easily after the examinations have ended. This portrays that homeschooled kids are more productive because of the independent learning instigated in homeschooling as they are able to use knowledge in a sense of deep understandings and applications in their daily lives. Hence, it is proven that homeschooling has helped a lot in the kids future lives, as it prepares them to overcome problems by themselves as it teaches them how to be independent and helped them to apply knowledge holistically in their imminent and challenging future. HOMESCHOOLED KIDS PROCURE A STRONGER BOND WITH FAMILY In an article wrote by Ko, (1997), she had expressed her concern on sending her children to an institutional school which is the Waldorf school and seeing children being exposed to negatives influences there. She also believed rather than sending her children to an institutional school, it is better to homeschooled them where she is able to observe them, hinder them from negative influences and most importantly being able to enjoy her time with them. From the experiences shared by Mrs. Ko, it can be claimed that homeschooling enable kids to procure a stronger bond with their families. Parents are responsible in developing their childrens behaviours. Parents have the authority to control their children activities and outside exposure. Homeschooling are able to restore a critical social function that has been lost in families who send their children in an institutional school which is education to children from family. Homeschooled kids are protected from being affected by unwanted behaviour which is happening frequently in institutional schools. Parents education to children is crucial as it impose the responsibility of the parents in moulding their children for a better future. In homeschooling, parents decide on the children learning materials, curriculum activities and with whom they are interacting with. Parents and children can spend more time together and share their daily experiences which creates a unique bonds between them. Homeschooled kids understand more about their parents and enhanced the trust between them. They learn how to achieve a common goal tog ether through home-based learning and improve communication and love between them. Furthermore, homeschooled kids spend more times with their siblings at home. It develops a close ties between them. Homeschooled kids learns with their brothers or sisters and care for younger siblings at home. They are also able to model their older siblings who are homeschooled too. Sharing of daily experiences improved their communication skills with a wide range of ages and increases understandings among them. Thus, kids who are homeschooled gain one of the most crucial aspects of life which is love and bonds between family members. By having this unique bond through homeschooling it creates a peaceful and harmonious living in the family institution. RECOMMENDATION Homeschooling groups should expose more about the practice of homeschooling to the society in an expo. There, they should consider showing the steps needed to be taken to establish a well-organized homeschooling of the kids to parents. Moreover, they need to introduce some preferable schedules to give parents a starting point of giving their children a home-based education. The parents need to be taught on how to have a balanced life of working and educating their children to prevent any unnecessary conflicts between parents and their children such as lack of attention. These kind of support will surely encourage more member of the society to apply the concept of homeschooling in their lives. Furthermore, problems that has been argued by the opposition that homeschooled kids are unable to face reality of life in the future can be overcome by careful planning in homeschooled families and increasing the number of social activities done outside of home with other homeschooled kids around the world. This will significantly reduces the chance of a homeschooled kid being drop behind. CONCLUSION It is proven that homeschooling have a variety of positive effects on homeschooled kid even with the negative impacts that has been stated by the opposition of the issue. Homeschooling enable kids to procure a better technique in socializing and trained them to be independent and live independently. Most importantly homeschooled kids are able to appreciate family member more and thus procure a stronger bond with them. As a conclusion the practice of homeschooling will be a popular way of educating children in the future due to the benefits that it offers to the society.

The Slavery of the Millennium Essay -- Ethical Issues, Sex Traffickin

It is common ideology that slavery is a thing of the past. This is far from true; sex trafficking is prominent all across the world on a massive scale and is the new form of slavery. According to the U.S. Department of State estimates that 560,000 women are trafficked each year across international borders and forced into the sex industry. {{34 Holman,M. 2008; }} Other non-government programs such a UNICEF have these numbers in the millions. {{34 Holman,M. 2008; }} The real numbers of sex trafficking are unknown, but the problem is evident. The general public is unaware of the sex trafficking epidemic because the forced labor business is not only inhumane: it is well hidden. The business is kept underground due to the stigma associated with prostitution. Because of this most of workers of the business are from â€Å"forced recruitment†. {{25 Samarasinghe,Vidyamali 2007; }} Sex trafficking is not only an issue over seas, it is also a problem in the United States a culture tha t â€Å"glamorizes pimping and prostitution."{{31 Kotrla,K. 2010; }} This culture of tolerance, fueled by the glamorization of pimping, is embodied in multiple venues of daily life, including clothing, songs, television, video games, and other forms of entertainment. Traffickers easily control victim of their trade by using techniques such as â€Å"force, fraud, or coercion, including techniques such as confinement, beatings, rape, confiscation of documents, debt bondage, false owners of employment, and threats of harm to the victim or the victim's family.†{{30 Potocky,M. 2010; }}Once in the business, it is almost impossible for a victim to escape, and if they do they are not likely to come forward to authorities. There are four main ways out of sex trafficking enslavemen... ...ggling are often confused as activities, and the police and immigration officials are ill-equipped to recognize and respond to the problem as one involving victims as well as offenders.† (28) [add to this] If these simple changes are implemented to the standing sex trafficking legislation, mainly the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act implemented in 2000 failing in its attempt to prevent trafficking, protect victims, and prosecute traffickers. The TVPA will be up for reauthorization in November 2011. As this quickly approaching, it is imperative the public is educated on the human exploitation that is often ignored. Sex trafficking is a global problem that can only be taken down by the help of a government that recognizes the weakness in its current policy. The victims and the public deserve better than the U.S. government has done thus far.

Absolute Essay

â€Å"There really are [or are not] ‘absolutes’ upon which a universal truth can be based that can be applied for establishing ethical behavior in business. † The world of business would be such a chaotic place sans universal truth that can be applied to establish ethical behavior. If they are no â€Å"absolutes† then everything else is relative; that state of being depends on how many factors and those factors include how one feels on a certain issue, the norms in a society that one lives in, the definition of right and wrong being subjective, and religious beliefs. In the instance where an individual will act as they feel and not per universal absolute truth, then the individual may decide not to pay for the services rendered to them or merchandise that they procured because that is how the individual feels about the situation even if the renderer of service or seller may feel that they ought to be paid for their services or goods. They feelings in this case are only true to them and not the buyer as the buyer has a different feeling about the situation. In the case where the norms of a society dictate the ethical behavior of a society, it would also mean that there is relative subjectivity to the whole notion of ethics as societies can have norms which are not at all right as seen in the case of the Hutus and Tutsis in Rwanda. The Hutus were a majority (85%)of the population and through political propaganda they were incited to kill the minority Tutsis (14%). 800,000 people were murdered in the name of tribal cleansing and at that point in time it was alright for a Hutu to kill a Tutsi as per what had become the norm. The entire world condemned this sordid act even though it was relatively â€Å"right† in the Hutu society. This might sound extreme but it only shows us a norm in a society does not make it a right thing to be done. The same applies for business in that what is a norm for business in one society would be considered gross corruption in another and also what might mean integrity in one society would be condemned in another as lack of business acumen as in not being able to accept business opportunities regardless of how the can be obtained. We cannot therefore base ethical behavior on societal norms and behaviors and not to say that they are not any of those norms that are acceptable and of very high standards that could very well be ethical, however the The definition of right or wrong if treated as relative subject will influence the way one perceives issues in terms of being ethical or unethical. When right and wrong is relative it means what might be right for one might just be wrong for me, there is no absolutes. A classical example is the Nigerian immigration as it purportedly used to be in past, this writer does not have first hand knowledge of the said instances. It is said that when one travelled to Nigeria, one could not get their passport stamped by the immigration officer if they did not put some money in the passport. The officer would hand one back the passport and advise them that there is a †page† missing in the passport. The â€Å"page† meant a dollar bill. For people who grew up in that tradition it was an expected thing to do and that was how it was supposed to be supposedly but for a foreigner, say an American, that would be so wrong a thing to do because in the USA, that is corrupting a public officer and that is a crime in itself that one could go to jail for. There is the issue of religious beliefs and religion and lack thereof. It is said that religious beliefs help to foster stronger ethical behavior, as religions tend to be black and white on what is wrong and what is right. Yet there are different religions and needless to say the different religions have different sets of ideals whether it be ethics or morals. To highlight that is the tragic case of Sept11, 2011 when the USA was attacked by the Muslim terrorists. These terrorists according to what they believed, they were doing the right thing and had been taught so that when they die like that they are martyrs of their religion and they will go to heaven for doing the will of their God. Beliefs in the different religions vary and notwithstanding those without any religion, it is reasonable to say that in this case it is relative as in what a person believes in. If there has to be consistency in any transaction of business, there therefore has to be absolutes upon which a universal truth can be based that can be applied for establishing ethical behavior. It should not matter how one feels, what norms are in one’s society, how one defines right or wrong, and what one’s religious beliefs are. There are absolutely ethical elements in all the above that can be applied to all business ethics to enhance the ethical behavior but there definitely should be a standard that is universal and expected to be followed by all involved in business. It is so fundamental because it is the basis on which all business is going to be transacted upon. One cannot go into business with a partner who will run one out of business or someone who will not do what they say they will do and do it right.

Free Essays on Purpose Of Music

Music is not just black notes on a page. Although I have always tried to live a balanced life, music has become one of its priorities. I keep myself active, I indulge in reading quality literature, and I strive to sustain a social life. In my experiences of teaching and observing others, music education is not an easy profession. It is very clear to me that teaching music will entail long hours of planning and stress. My willing sacrifice is key. Music, like none other that I have experienced, satiates my palette of teaching and learning. Originally, I believed that living in the Philippines limited my exposure to a quality music education. I thought that living in a third world country would not be beneficial to a music education. Yet, in reflection of my memories, I can clearly see what influenced me to become inclined to music. It was not until my junior year in high school that I learned about the Orff school, but this system had a substantial part in my early years of music. Movement was a large part of our exercises. As I danced to folk music, I gained self-expression, rhythm, and coordination. I remember feeling scared. Although everyone was doing the same exercises, my performance anxiety was an early problem. Fear of humiliation and mockery always haunted my thoughts. Music had already taught me a lot at a young age and soon, the movement exercises would help me with my fear of expression. My immigration into the United States definitely changed my life. America is the land of the free and the home of the brave. My family believed that my chances of becoming successful would be increased if I lived in the United States. I was nine. I had the faintest idea that I wanted to become a music educator, but of all influences, I can narrow the list to three- (in no particular order) the city of Ferndale, Roger Smith and my great uncle, Jose Rizal. Fr. Jose Rizal is my great uncle. Every summer vacation I had un... Free Essays on Purpose Of Music Free Essays on Purpose Of Music Music is not just black notes on a page. Although I have always tried to live a balanced life, music has become one of its priorities. I keep myself active, I indulge in reading quality literature, and I strive to sustain a social life. In my experiences of teaching and observing others, music education is not an easy profession. It is very clear to me that teaching music will entail long hours of planning and stress. My willing sacrifice is key. Music, like none other that I have experienced, satiates my palette of teaching and learning. Originally, I believed that living in the Philippines limited my exposure to a quality music education. I thought that living in a third world country would not be beneficial to a music education. Yet, in reflection of my memories, I can clearly see what influenced me to become inclined to music. It was not until my junior year in high school that I learned about the Orff school, but this system had a substantial part in my early years of music. Movement was a large part of our exercises. As I danced to folk music, I gained self-expression, rhythm, and coordination. I remember feeling scared. Although everyone was doing the same exercises, my performance anxiety was an early problem. Fear of humiliation and mockery always haunted my thoughts. Music had already taught me a lot at a young age and soon, the movement exercises would help me with my fear of expression. My immigration into the United States definitely changed my life. America is the land of the free and the home of the brave. My family believed that my chances of becoming successful would be increased if I lived in the United States. I was nine. I had the faintest idea that I wanted to become a music educator, but of all influences, I can narrow the list to three- (in no particular order) the city of Ferndale, Roger Smith and my great uncle, Jose Rizal. Fr. Jose Rizal is my great uncle. Every summer vacation I had un...

What I Learned from English 102 Research Paper Example

What I Learned from English 102 Research Paper Example What I Learned from English 102 Paper What I Learned from English 102 Paper ENG102 Prof 11/24/11 Reflective Essay When the semester began I thought to my knowledge that my writing was that of good quality. Though I had a good basic understanding of the format of an essay or letter I still had a lot to learn. My writing changed in many ways such as learning to eliminate unnecessary wording in my thesis, the use of synonyms, analyzing quotes and writing abstract to concrete thoughts or ideas. This Class not only helped enhance my writing abilities but to also better evaluate the writings of others and forced me to acknowledge the rigorous work of future courses in college. The thesis was and still is at times a task for me. I have always had the right perspective when it came to my thesis yet it was always very broad. I learned, though my thesis was pointed in the right direction I had to eliminate the unnecessary wording and make my statement clear and to the point. For example before the revision my thesis was â€Å"It is human nature to attain freedom at any cost than to live in madness or misery and the life of torture†, after my acquired knowledge I edited my thesis to â€Å"It is human nature to attain freedom at any cost than to live in madness or misery†. I acknowledged my bad habit and a run on of thoughts which I have come to correct. At times I find it funny that I couldn’t figure it out myself. The usage of synonyms was a concept I had to remember from grade school. It was pointed out to me that I had a repetitive use of words in my writing. In one of my previous essays I used the word freedom a bit too often, so I had to edit and make changes from â€Å"Madness can be an imprisonment that forces one to seek freedom† to â€Å"Madness can be an imprisonment that forces one to seek autonomy†. This was better when used synonyms because it keeps the reader interested. The use of synonyms creates the play of words, keeps the reader enlightened as they go along and helps the writer broaden their own vocabulary on an intellectual level. When a writer has analyzed a quote then he has analyzed the book itself. Issues can arise if a quote is not correctly evaluated. You must be positive that what you are saying coincides with your work for example in â€Å"The story of an Hour† the doctors said â€Å"she died of heart disease-of joy that kills†. When one is looking at this, one does not actually think there is a disease as such but there is a deeper meaning to it. I took this and realized the meaning by going back to the story. I could tell by the characters actions after the news of her husband’s death that happiness and freedom were emitting off her as never before. I had to envision this characters emotions to her joyous relief which made me appreciate the doctor’s quote. Going through the process of understanding a character helped me to comprehend the deeper meaning of certain quotes in the books I have been reading. This procedure aided me to incorporate this information into my essay as a developing writer. Writing abstract to concrete thoughts or ideas is very important. To speak about love which is abstract, one would have to express the emotion given by another that would be concrete as hugging or kissing. I found this to be very significant because when reflecting on abstract thoughts I learned to be specific and by evidence or explanation so to be concrete. In my paper â€Å"Price of freedom† I stated â€Å"madness can be an imprisonment that forces one to seek autonomy†, that is an abstract thought but it was made concrete by the verified information from the book â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†. I stated from my understanding of the book that â€Å"a women is isolated and told to rest by her husband†. â€Å"She descends into madness and construes the hallucinations of the wallpaper being real†. I made clear of my abstract thought to be concrete. I learned this helps the reader to better acknowledge the perspective of the writer. This class not only help me improve my writing skills but also prepare me for the painstaking work of future courses in college. Being able to read, write and discuss multiple books or documents on an intellectual level is more than a requirement; it is necessity for any and all students who would want to advance in today’s world. I do not believe one would be hired for a professional job if that person is speaking on a mere fifth grade level. I take great pride in the knowledge I have gained here. I can look at another student’s paper and discuss whether or not it is well written or needs improvement; that is an accomplishment in it of itself. In conclusion to the reflective look back on my journey, I can see how far I have come. I have come to appreciate writing, yet more so for reading because there was a time where I would dread the idea of reading, but I have come to recognize that reading is more enjoyable when it is something I favor. Writing has become very important in my life and at times it is my only way to speak. I am thankful for the great professor I have had a chance to work with because a good teacher makes the difference between professional advancement and utter failure. I can truly say I have learned much and am stronger to take on the educational system.

Government Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Government Policy - Essay Example I learned about this â€Å"don't ask, don't tell† policy (DADT) from reading it in the news but I learned more about it when one of my relatives who is serving in the military service had come back home on a furlough for the holidays. It was a bit of a shock at first but I realized it had more to it than just the simple issue of allowing gays to serve openly in the U.S. military. A fellow soldier had committed suicide because when he came out in the open about being a gay soldier, the other soldiers in his unit ganged up on him, sort of in a psychological way and not physically. He was ostracized and suffered some humiliation and told he was a disgrace. The topic is important to me because it exemplifies how all people should be treated equally, regardless of gender, age, ethnicity or sexual orientation. Gay soldiers perform quite well on the battlefield despite some misconceptions regarding their conduct in actual combat.   Homosexual soldiers (gays and lesbians) serve the country with distinction and courage in all situations and they deserve recognition and respect from their peers and the public. Part of the reason why people are fighting for the repeal of the DADT policy is to get the same benefits.

Strategic Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Strategic Management - Case Study Example o corporate in the work place to ensure smooth work flow in the organization since shared productivity is key to any success in a company (Hill & Jone, 2012). The company has also decided to create fair business environment in the society. After the Ivanovic had sold the company earlier to the d Avigon, they decided to create a new brand rather than provide similar commodity so that they could avoid business misunderstanding with their friends. This cannot be said of the regular bakeries who might have ventured on the same business creating unhealthy competition in the market The company also offered language training to the immigrants so that they could create an effective communication and organized events such as soccer. These measures created unity both at work place and back at home that ensured peaceful coexistence in the society which is the quiet opposite of the regular bakeries. The company insisted in the use of organic in the production of bread instead of the cheap inorganic components. Expensive use of raw materials leads to high costs in the production. This leads high prices that negatively affect the sale of the products (Hill & Jone, 2012). In fact, this might have formed part of the decision to sale part of the business in order to raise the funds. Hiring was majorly done on inexperienced workers who had to undergo training in the company. This affects the organization in terms of time consuming and increased expenditure. The organization would have hired mixed workers so that the inexperienced can learn in the process of work and save the costs. The company was in dire need for expansion and they refused the venture and franchising measures proposed to them. These groups only act as capital providers and do not take the firm away (Hill & Jone, 2012).They even raise more healthy capital for the organization than the loans. If I were the Ivanocic, i would have accepted their proposal to oversee the growth in the company. After hiring

Compare and critically analyse the UK marketing strategies of Dominos Essay - 2

Compare and critically analyse the UK marketing strategies of Dominos Pizza and Pizza Hut - Essay Example The company has over 650 stores in the UK, as well as 350 restaurants and 300 delivery stores. Pizza Hut is still a giant among the pizza chains but has been quite disappointed with the second-quarter results in the U.S market. According to a report by (Munarriz, 2014), Pizza Hut’s revenue has climbed by 10.5 percent to $446.6 million, fueled by a 7.7 percent spike in the restaurant sales. The essay is a comparison and a critical analysis of the marketing strategies utilized by Domino’s Pizza and Pizza Hut to achieve competitive advantage in the UK market. The company has an effective strategy towards developing the different sizes of products ranging from small to medium and large. (Dominos, n.d.), agrees that such a strategy is useful in covering the interests of most of the company’s customer base. Also, the idea to develop different types of pizzas is effective in promoting its products and catering for the different tastes of customers. For instance, their range of products includes varieties such as Mexican Green Wave Pizza, Country Special Pizza, Seventh Heaven Pizza, Zesty Chicken pizza, and Grand Supreme Pizza among other popular pizzas. Since not every client visiting the restaurant might be interested in buying pizza, the management has a good move to counter the loophole and now offers extra food items such as Stuffed Garlic Bread Sticks, Calzone pockets, Pasta Italiano, and Taco Indiana. Domino’s pricing strategy in the marketing mix is also effective and targeted towards the lower middle-class as well as the middle-class income group (Dominos, n.d.). In fact, Domino’s delivery price is proven to be slightly below that of Pizza hut in its traditional restaurants. The move by the company to develop a consistent and uniform pricing policy is satisfactory and beneficial towards encouraging repeat customers. The price factor, though lower than that of Pizza Hut, appears to be troublesome and a contributory factor to its

Injustice in the Adversarial System Essay Example for Free

Injustice in the Adversarial System Essay Donald Black discussed in his book The Behavior of Law, when a society begins to grow and become more complex so does its legal system. The United States uses a system that may no longer be fit for handling all the complex problems it is faced with. Society has come to learn through the justice system that truth is very hard to find. The nature of the adversarial process may prevent it from reaching the true goal of every legal system: justice. This writing argues that the system in place now is not the correct one for the stage society is in now. The adversarial process in place does not search for the core values of â€Å"Justice† and â€Å"Truth†; its inadequacies create errors in the legal system. The legal system should abolish its value of â€Å"winning at all cost† and the methods it uses to achieve this outcome. This paper will not only shed light on the flaws in the legal system, but present other structures that may be better suited for the present stage of society. Blueprint A few brief critiques of the adversarial process include that during a trial procedure both sides are given the opportunity to present facts to the jury or judge, this allows attorneys to withhold evidence and benefit the side they represent. This confuses the courts instead of elucidating the truth. Cases such as this should not be able to come to a guilty or not guilty verdict, because guilt cannot be proven with a degree of accuracy (Meadow, 1996). Stratification in law does lead to inequality and perpetuates injustice in society. The procedure that is used in our criminal justice system has the ability to lead to a false confession and create mistrust in the system. Bias in our legal system does lead to injustice. All of these factors do create injustice in our legal system by sending innocent people to prison and/or by letting convicted felons free. There are many theories in how to solve the problems with the adversarial process and the legal system in general, but society must change the way it reasons before anything can truly change. History of Common Law and the Adversarial Process To better understand the adversarial process it must first explain through its history and origins. Common law practice developed the adversarial process; England adopted common law and made its practice known throughout the world. Legislators began codifying the law, this later became common law. It was written so that it could be interpreted by the court system. When the courts make a decision in how that law is to be applied it is preserved, and able to be used as a guideline for other cases of the same nature. This proved to be a problem, decisions made by judges were based on the customs of the time period, which became rigid and did not easily allow for change (Cantor, 1997). The English form of common law prohibited representation in court however, during the eighteenth century some courts where beginning to allow legal representation in English common law. Eventually as time progressed, the role legal representation, lawyers, would grow and be more influential in society. The part the Lawyers played in the court system would eventually be the aspect that separated the adversarial process implemented today in the United States from the processes in England. Law became more and more complex so the use of lawyers or professionals of the law was essential in American law making. New research by Randolph N. Jonakait, New York Law School professor, suggests that the United States adopted an adversarial process that somewhat resembled the English model at the time. Besides the already mention use of lawyers, the U.S differed greatly from England, during the 18th century; America had prosecution with a public defender present in the court room compared to no legal representation for the accused in the English model. Also in New Jersey around the same time period, attorneys usually appeared for the prosecution and the defense which in England was rarely practiced. These findings demonstrate that the United States was a forerunner in the creation of the adversarial process that is present today (Jonakait, 2009). Search for Truth: Lawyers and Their Tactics One of the main concepts of the adversarial system is the oppositional presentation of facts. The belief behind this is it will discover all truths to the matter. This leads to the conclusion of the first flaw: that realistically everyone involved in the case is not in search of the truth. â€Å"Lawyers are more apt to hide the evidence that is not favorable to their side regardless of whether it would prove the innocence or guilt of the person on trial† (Schroeder, 2012). Clients hire lawyers to win; the economic state of the client is directly related to the skill level of the lawyer they can afford. Lawyers who are more expensive will use any tactics necessary to ensure a win. The search for truth is not a key value; it’s keeping your client pleased, being the defendant or the state. Attorneys are known to use questionable tactics so that they have the best possibility of winning their case. These tactics include: creating doubt in the jury of guilt or innocence, or even by hiding evidence from the jurors. The search for truth and the execution of justice cannot be fully performed if lawyers proceed to use unethical tactics. Solutions to the Hiding of Evidence A purposed solution to hiding evidence can be demonstrated with a value demonstrated from the inquisitorial system, everyone in the court room works together in search for the truth and justice. The judges, or investigative magistrate, are trained in their profession, taking specific schooling about law making them a vital resource to the legal system. While court is proceeding the judge is allowed to ask questions to keep a case in order. Using a system that does not glorify winning would help the hindering of evidence and other tactics being eradicated form the court room. Although, one flaw with this system is the judge is granted too much power and control over the proceeding, more justice is still found here searching for truth. Stratification in Law It is proven that â€Å"once arrested, black and minority defendants are fare worse in the criminal justice system than their white counter parts† (Westervely Humphrey, 115, 2008). This is due to racial stratification in law and a bias based on race in convictions. Instrumentalist would say law is used to dominate groups, and is structured so that it can benefit certain groups by disadvantaging other groups, by allowing this to happen it perpetuates inequality (Bucher, 2012). Many minorities are unable to pay for legal representation; in this situation the courts provide representation for them. This disadvantages minority individuals in low social class because they lack resources to secure a good lawyer, while high social status clients are able to easily obtain skilled lawyers. This perpetuates stratification because upper class individuals can evade the penalties of the legal system, unlike lower class individuals who cannot afford strong legal representation (Vago, 2012). Marxist theorists would confirm that laws serve the interest of the upper class, and because they use them like a tool, keep the upper class in power. This reinforces inequality in society through the criminal justice system, because the upper class will always be able to have access to more resources they will also always use those resources against the lower class (Bucher, 2012). Process in Criminal Justice Is Justice Served? The pressure felt in a case created by media and the public eye have the ability to cause investigations to be sped up. The endangers the adversarial process to make mistakes and possibly out of convenience and pressure convict the first person they think committed the crime. Once police officers make an arrest they tend to not pursue any other possible leads until the person they have in custody is proven to be innocent. This hurts the search for truth because officers become close minded and search only for evidence to convict that individual. Another factor that can deter the search for truth is false confessions. False confessions, among other factors, are commonly created due to unethical interrogation tactics or confused eye witnesses testimony. â€Å"A confession is one of the most powerful pieces of evidence that can be presented in court† (Westervely Humphrey, 36, 2008). Even if the confession is false, juries have been known to take into consideration testimony even when told not to. False confessions are usually given by suspects who are coerced, confused, have doubt in-self, or shame. All this can be attributed to the psychological games used by interrogators, intentional or unintentional (Gudjonsson, 1992). Can true justice be served when police use unethical tactics to get their confession? This is a question scholars who study ethics have pondered with for decades. Bias in Law There are many principles to consider when a jury is deciding a verdict. Racial beliefs, media and number of factors can influence a jury’s verdict (David F. Hall, 1984). Since each individual interprets the process of the trial differently it greatly influences the decision of case. The way society is socialized leads to certain bias to people of different races, genders, sexuality, and backgrounds. These factors greatly influence a cases outcome, even though lawyers are allowed to select their jury it is impossible to know each person individually (Albonetti and Hagan, 1982). In common law, legislature creates the laws that are written down and left for interpretation by the judges of the court, this is called statutory interpretation (Bucher, 2012). The strength of this system of law is the ability that law has to change; downfall is that it leaves room for bias in the interpretation of law. Some scholars suggest that law and the legal system is patriarchal. The feminist legal theory suggests that the legal system is male dominated and perpetuates gender discrimination (Bucher, 2012). Language can be biased in law; the United States suffers from this weakness. In the Declaration of Independence biased language is evident. â€Å"All Men Are Created Equal† a line from the Declaration of independence has brought forth discussion and conflict because of biases behind the words. Women have fought for their rights to be considered equal because society takes the patriarchal documents literal, progress is slowly made. Everything, including law, can be interpreted differently, making the judge’s job detrimental to the court process. The discretion of the authority in the court system, although important, also creates inconsistency in the legal system. African Americans account for 49.4 percent of the 1.3 million Americans in prison (Westervely Humphrey, 2008). Two different theories can explain the bias in society that explains the high population of African Americans. These theories are the Individual Explanation Theory and the Structural Explanation Theory. Individual Explanation Theory This theory focuses on the behavior and traits of those involved in a trial. Racism is a factor in explaining why an innocent person is tried. This happens because the adversarial system does not focus on searching for the truth and allows the jury to makes a decision on beliefs and prejudices of a certain race. Stereotyping is also included when a jury convicts someone on account of preconceived notions of a group (Westervely Humphrey, 2008). Structural Explanation Theory This theory provides two explanations for the bias. The first is the Blalocks Power-Threat Hypothesis. The hypothesis states that the increase in minority conviction is due to whites trying to keep power and control over minority races by disadvantaging them. The second explanation states that the treatment of minorities in the criminal justice system is a reflection of societal beliefs. â€Å"Equality in the criminal justice system is not possible until everything else is equal† (Westervely Humphrey, 128, 2008). Plea-Bargains and its deficiencies Due to the amount of offenders that go through the U.S. court systems prosecutors are more likely to use plea-bargains to settle cases quickly. â€Å"It is estimated that roughly 90-95 percent of all criminal convictions are arrived through plea–bargains† (Vago, 118). This tactic can be linked to stratification and inequality, when a person on trial does not have the finances for a good lawyer the assumption is that they will lose. This makes a plea-bargain more appealing, as it is the best option to avoid a longer sentence (Kipnis, 1976). â€Å"The Standing Committee on Legal Aid and Indigent Defendants summarized the state of representation as follows: â€Å"Overall, there is abundant evidence in this report that defense services for the poor are inadequately funded. As a result, millions of persons who have a constitutional right to counsel are denied effective legal representation†Ã¢â‚¬  (Mosteller, 2011). This is another factor to cause change in the legal system so that truth can properly be found. The ability to plea-guilty hinders the search for truth and justice. In the inquisitorial system guilty pleas and plea-bargaining are not allowed so that the system can properly search for the truth. It does not give the accused rights, unlike the United States. While in the United States the adversarial process gives the accused the ability to plead guilty for a lesser sentence which some would consider â€Å"soft† on crime. In the adversarial process after a confession is given, the investigation is typically over even if the individual is innocent. In the inquisitorial system a confession is not warranted since it is the duty of the court to come up with evidence and prove guilt (Berger, 1972). Injustice With all this bias in our legal system this gives room for errors in justice. â€Å"An error in justice is any departure from an optimal outcome of justice for a criminal case† (Frost, 2004). There are two types of errors that can be described: systematic and random. Systematic is when there is an error within the law that consistently creates injustice. When a law is in enacted and it oppresses a certain group consistently this is systematic injustice. Random errors are created while criminal justice officials are enforcing the law and the error is sporadic (Frost, 2004). Both of these can create errors of due process, which is when the rights of the accused are violated. The first error is miscarriage of justice; an example of this is when an innocent man is convicted of a crime. The second type of error of due process is error of impunity, when an error in the procedure of due process is committed and as a result guilty convict is set free. Both of these do create great mistrust in the legal system and deter people from getting involved within its legal processes (Sherman, 2002). This can lead to what Black was suggesting when he stated that law will shift back to a more primitive family based form of sanctions, because of mistrust in the authority that was supposed to protect them. Change With new understandings of societal factors (race, gender, sexuality) the adversarial system needs to be revised so that it aids the search for truth or it will be blinded by these factors. Society has grown complex and so has its problems with in the legal system. The courts must come up with different resolutions for crimes and convictions, not just a â€Å"one size fits all solution†. In essence the adjudication system is not wrong, but the misuse of evidence and human error leads to mistakes. One might ask should we change the adversarial system entirely or fix the many flaws within the system. The current process being used relies on the state (prosecutor) to determine if the court should or shouldn’t present the evidence accumulated from the crime, or if that would benefit the accused in some way. All evidence should be given to a neutral party, such as the court, and have the court system decide what should be done. This would remove the ability of the prosecutor to hide facts that could be essential to the investigation (Westervely Humphrey, 2008). In an ideal system the court should base their decision after learning all the facts, without any evidence withheld from either side. There can be a mixture of different processes, which can better achieve justice in a complex society. For example, a different process would be needed to determine if a dangerous criminal is guilty than that of finding parental rights. Forms such as the inquisitorial investigation, mediation, private problem-solving, group negotiating processes could be used to search for truth. Conclusion The adversarial systems values do not match what the goals of the system should be. In the ideal system restorative and rehabilitation justice would be utilized to the fullest in order to help the people going through the criminal justice process learn and become productive members of society. Society’s beliefs are that of retribution and vengeance. Society as a whole wants to see criminals punished for crimes that they feel where committed upon them. To completely change the beliefs of the criminal justice system, society needs to change its values from retribution and vengeance, to a form of justice that will help society instead of looking for revenge. Values in the criminal justice system represent what that society believes in. The belief in winning shouldn’t be enforced, like the adversarial process has done, because it does not accomplish what the main goal of the criminal justice system is: to provide justice to the citizens of the country the system serves, along with the search for truth. The values of rehabilitation and restoration should be the foundation on which we build our new system. If this is done than our society will begin to help its self in creating a strong nation that is just and true. References Albonetti, Celesta and Hagan, John. Race, Class, and the Perception of Criminal Injustice in America. American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 88, No. 2 (Sep., 1982), pp. 329-355 Berger, Moise. The Case Against Plea-Bargaining. American Bar Association Journal. Vol 62.pg621.(1972) Black, Donald. The Behavior of Law. The University of Michigan, Academic Press. 1976 Bucher, Jacob. Law and Society. Lectures. Baker University. 2012 Cantor, Norman F. Imagining the law: Common law and the foundations of the American legal system. HarperCollins Publishers (New York). 1997. David F. Hall et al., Post event Information and Changes in Recollection for a Natural Event, in Eyewitness Testimony: Psychological Perspectives124 (Gary L. Wells Elizabeth F. Loftus eds., 1984) Frost, Brian. Errors of Justice: Nature, Sources, and Remedies. Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge.2004. Gudjonsson, Gisli H. The psychology of interrogations, confessions and testimony. Wiley series in psychology of crime, policing and law. Oxford, England: John Wiley Sons. (1992). xii 362 pp. Humphrey, John A. Westervely, Saundra D. Wrongly Convicted: Perspectives on Failed Justice. Rutgers State University Press. 2008 Jonakait, Randolph N. The Rise of the American Adversary System: American Before England. New York Law School. Widner Law Review. V14.2009. Kipnis, Kenneth. Criminal Justice and the Negotiated Plea. The University of Chicago Press. Ethics , Vol. 86, No. 2 (Jan., 1976), pp. 93-106 Meadow, Carrie M. The Trouble with the Adversarial System in a Postmodern, Multicultural World. William and Mary Law Review. V.38. 1996. Merrill B. Hintikka Jaakko Hintikka, How Can Language Be Sexist?, in Discovering Reality, supra note 31, at 139. Mosteller, Robert P. Failures of the American Adversarial System to Protect the Innocent and Conceptual Advantages in the Inquisitorial Design for Investigative Fairness.2011. University of North Carolina School of Law. Sherman, Lawrence W. Trust and Confidence in Criminal Justice. NIJ Journal, March (2002): 23-31. Vago, Steven. Law and Society. Pearson Education, Practice Hall.2012.